Sunday, August 5, 2012

Tips And Tricks For The Home Improvement Lover | Arty Apt

When making a major renovation to your home, check into what kind of return for investment that you can get from it. The reason for this is that certain updates can be a bit of an overkill depending on what neighborhood you live in. This is especially important if you might be planning on selling your home within a couple of years of doing this renovation. If you do too much, you might not get your money?s worth out of it.

Avoid back strain when installing upper kitchen cabinets by attaching a board to the wall at the level where the base of the cabinets will finish. Allowing the base of the cabinet to rest on the board and support its weight while screwing the cabinet to the wall is better for your back.

Instead of adding on to your home, consider new ways of using the space that already exists. By removing a wall or changing the way that you use a particular room, you can maximize the space you already have without adding square footage to your home that will need lighting, heating, and cooling.

Keep your interior decorating timeless and classic. Forgo trendy colors and use white on your trims to ensure you will never have to rummage through the paint shed for just the right shade again. Better yet, your rooms will keep a theme throughout the house, making your interior decorating look cohesive.

Tear your chipped and broken plaster down to the lathes in the walls of your old house. If the plaster material is failing, the only solution is to get rid of the old and replace it with another wall covering. Believe it or not, the really old stuff was plaster mixed with horse hair. You can improvise a pretty good match with just drywall mud!

When working with power tools, always read the instruction manuals in regards to the specific tool you are working with. If you do not know how or have very little experience working with a tool, read and understand how it works before plugging it in. Power tools are very dangerous so understand them before operation.

If you are concerned about adding value to your home, do not put in a swimming pool during your next home improvement project. The upkeep on a pool is very time consuming, and they are also difficult to clean. Your energy would be better spent on a project (such as a garden) that will give you a better return on the amount of money you are spending.

When you first discover leaks on your ceiling, it is probably time for a new roof. Letting it go could lead to disastrous consequences. Find a trustworthy roof specialist in your area and ask them to come take a look at your roof. Make sure the specialist is skilled and experienced.

For home improvement projects big enough to require a contractor, it is very important that you get a contractor you can trust. Review a prospective contractor?s history and talk to his previous employers. Any disputes, lawsuits or cost overruns you find in a contractor?s background are serious warning flags. Remember to ask the contractor to explain anything troubling you turn up, though.

Search around and price out different contractors to get the best deals. The best way to feel safe when getting a contractor is to ask a friend or family member who has had their home remodeled by one for a good recommendation. This way you know you?re hiring a reliable contractor that you can trust to fix up your home.

Tell your contractor your real budget. Many people are afraid that if they tell how much they can actually spend, the contractor will make an effort to spend at least that much. Contractors are interested in giving you the best quality work, so you need to be honest with them about what they have to work with.

Use empty two liter bottles as storage containers for your kitchen. They are see-through and will protect practically any kind of dry goods such as meal, flour, or sugar. They can be kept in the refrigerator, freezer, or on the shelf. All you have to do when you need the contents is remove the cap and pour.

Hopefully, in reading this article, you have seen that you can in fact do this. If you take the advice given here and put it into practice on your home improvement jobs, you will soon be the proud owner of a beautiful home that you can show off to everyone you know.

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Source: http://artyapt.com/blog/tips-and-tricks-for-the-home-improvement-lover/

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HERBIE HANCOCK Sextant music review by Sinusoid

5 stars Any concept of what ''jazz'' should be will be shattered as soon as you listen to SEXTANT. Herbie Hancock takes a normal jazz fusion approach and wings out into more experimental/avant areas to make one of the most forward thinking albums ever.

Here's smart idea #1: have the track titles make sense to what the music is doing. WEATHER REPORT had that knack on their debut album, and Hancock can get that visceral connection as well. When I think of ''Hornets'', I thinking of the buzzing sounds from the keyboards that remind me of actual hornets. That's just an example.

Smart idea #2: set up a groovy backbone so that the length is not an issue. Even as plinky, plunky and Tangerine-Dreamy as ''Rain Dance'' is, the handclaps give the track an identifiable groove that you can bop your head to.

Smart idea #3: Bennie Maupin. The man practically made Miles Davis's BITCHES BREW album an enjoyable experience. He takes on more woodwind instruments here via necessity. But that bass clarinet does show up in ''Hidden Shadows'' parroting the bass, and boy is that spellbinding.

And keep in mind that some African based rhythms creep their way into the sound of the band here to the point where that is the reason why the jams hold up so well. That rhythmic foundation is key to the artistic achievement of SEXTANT. It's as if the ideas originally set by Osibisa are taken to the next level.

SEXTANT is far more than a fusion album. It's a dazzling music experience unlike any you've ever laid ears on. A masterpiece from inception.

Sinusoid | 5/5 |

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Source: http://www.progarchives.com/Review.asp?id=800290

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Computerized brain fitness program boosts memory of older adults ...

Posted about 18 hours ago |

Washington : Researchers have discovered that older adults who regularly used a brain fitness program played on a computer demonstrated significantly improved memory and language skills.

The team studied 59 participants with an average age of 84, recruited from local retirement communities in Southern California.

The volunteers were split into two groups: the first group used a brain fitness program for an average of 73.5 (20 minute) sessions across a six-month period while a second group played it less than 45 times during the same period.

Researchers found that the first group demonstrated significantly higher improvement in memory and language skills, compared to the second group.

The study?s findings add to the field exploring whether such brain fitness tools may help improve language and memory and may ultimately help protect individuals from the cognitive decline associated with aging and Alzheimer?s disease.

Age-related memory decline affects approximately 40 percent of older adults and is characterized by self-perception of memory loss and decline in memory performance.

Previous studies have shown that engaging in mental activities can help improve memory, but little research has been done to determine whether the numerous brain fitness games and memory training programs on the market are effective in improving memory.

This is one of the first studies to assess the cognitive effects of a computerized memory-training program.

Source: http://pakistan.onepakistan.com/news/sci-tech/115443-computerized-brain-fitness-program-boosts-memory-of-older-adults.html

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Saturday, August 4, 2012

Eagle Scouts split over returning medals in protest

A former Boy Scout turned in his Eagle Scout medal to protest the organization's discriminatory policies. WCSH's Mike DeSumma reports.

By Miranda Leitsinger, NBC News

After publishing a?story Thursday on Eagle Scouts who have returned their medals, badges and other regalia to protest the Boy Scouts of America policy banning gays and lesbians, we received more than 100 emails from current and former Scouts, many of them quite emotional.?A selection of those messages is included here.

?I am an Eagle Scout from 1961 in Wyoming and my son is an Eagle Scout from 1995 in Arizona. We both agree with the BSA in not allowing gays into their organization. That is their constitutional right to have parameters and requirements for their membership. The LGBT community is the antithesis of what Scouting stands for. It is their right to protest and disagree. But the power of a few should not be able to change the traditions and history of the scouting movement for everyone else. It they don't like it, maybe some other group would better accept their beliefs, ideals and lifestyles.?
--?Dale Hunt, 64, Tempe, Ariz., Eagle Scout

?I am very proud of earning the rank of Eagle Scout, and I am also proud of the BSA for sticking to their guns in the culture wars.?I am saddened by those who feel it is necessary to return their Eagle badge but they certainly have the right to do so while this is still a free country. The BSA is a completely private organization and is free to make a stand for their values.?It is sad to see so many other organizations abandoning their values on the altar of political correctness. What part of the Scout Oath: ?On my honor I will do my best to do my duty to God and my country and to obey the scout law; To help other people at all times, to keep myself physically strong, mentally awake and morally straight? do they not get?
--?Roger M. Devaney, 50, Spokane, Wash., Eagle Scout

Courtesy of Jad Davenport

Jad Davenport, who earned the rank of Eagle in 1983, says he sent his medal back to the Boy Scouts of America on Thursday, Aug. 2, after reading a story on NBCNews.com.

?I earned my Eagle Scout in 1983. After reading your story I pulled the badge - one of my most prized possessions - from my safe and with a heavy heart mailed it off to the Boy Scouts. ? I only regret not doing it sooner.?
--?Jad Davenport, 46, Denver, Colo., Eagle Scout

?I earned my Eagle Scout award in 1965 in Iowa at the age of 14. My card is signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson.? My Court of Honor was attended by my parents, my four grandparents, my scout leaders and fellow scouts, my teachers and coaches, my Lutheran minister, and special friends of my parents. It was a very big deal in a small Iowa town in the mid-1960s. I truly loved my Scouting experience -- and the arduous pathway I traversed in earning my Eagle. Yesterday, I returned my Eagle award to the Boy Scouts of America. I was immensely proud of this achievement for 47 years.?No longer. My children are proud of my humble gesture in returning the award. My dad, had he lived to see this, probably would have thought I am crazy.?I would have assured him that it is the right and honorable thing to do -- at least for me.?
-- Steve Barghols, 61, Oklahoma City, Okla., Eagle Scout

?I applaud the decision from the BSA!! My opinion, if the BSA had ruled the other way ... I would be returning my Eagle Scout Award.?And I am confident that my immediate family that contains 5 additional Eagle Scouts would also each?consider the same action.??
--?Steven Homer, 44, Dublin, Ohio, Eagle Scout and Scoutmaster

Courtesy of Chris Wren

?As for my personal stance with the scouts, I am torn.?In fact, to see the divide publicly is one thing, but I see the divide in my family as well.?My father (the first eagle in the family) is a firm supporter of the ban, he has very strict Christian views on homosexuality and frowns upon it.?He is in support of the ban by the BSA.?I, however, am on the other end of the spectrum.?I believe that a person?s sexuality should not affect their membership in this organization.?It in no way affects the boys, or the teachings of the organization, and helps support their ideals of ?support your community.? I have my medal and certificate framed and hanging on my wall in my office, and many people have complimented me on it.? But with all the controversy surrounding the decision by the BSA, I have been considering turning my medal in as well. To date, I have not made a decision, because I am weighing the ramifications of my decision, but I do not support the BSA in this matter.?This is a topic that has torn me deeply not only because of the organization, but because of the issues within my family.?
--?Chris Wren, 36, Dothan, Ala., Eagle Scout

?Although I didn't get to Eagle Scout, I was a Boy Scout in my teen years and earned many medals.?It is a good organization for boys to belong to while growing up.?They help build good values and leadership. I support their decision on the gay ban.?The Boy Scouts have a strong tie with religion.? It doesn't mean the church or the Boy Scouts?wouldn't help a gay in need, just that they don't support that life style. I feel that it is a person's right to return their medals, but it is a shame to turn in symbols of your own personal achievements.?But I don't think a person can be a leader in an organization without supporting the policies of that organization.?
--?Randy Arrington, 54, Oklahoma (hometown not specified), Boy Scout

?It pains me to see so many Eagle Scouts returning their badges, but it brings me some relief to know that they are receiving such attention for doing so. Although I still struggle with that decision, I have chosen to keep my badge and speak out as a current Eagle Scout. I am proud of my accomplishments as an Eagle Scout, but I am ashamed of the affiliation that it has with BSA. Their policy tarnishes what so many have worked so hard to achieve, and, some day soon, I hope that they will end their policies of discrimination based both on sexual orientation and religion.?
--?Justin Bickford, 32, Gainesville, Fla., Eagle Scout

??My 14 yr old son was to become a Life Scout at his next advancement. After he heard about the vote and the ban on gays, he said that he was done with the Scouts.?This was his own decision and his reason was simple: 'How can I be a member of a group that says that I'm supposed to accept and help everyone....well everyone who isn't gay. It's not cool to change the rules so you can get what you want.'?Losing Scouting is a very sad event for our family, but I think my son has already learned how to be: Trustworthy, Loyal, Helpful, Friendly, Courteous, Kind, Obedient, Cheerful, Thrifty, Brave, Clean, and Reverent?and he will have no problems living to help serve others....regardless of their race, creed, color,?and sexual preferences. Returning his badges is one thing but choosing to cut his ties with the organization because he wants to stand for what he believes in, makes me proud! No longer yours in Scouting.?
-- Amy Francis-Bacon, 42, troop was in Cedarburg, Wis. Her son is Ethan Francis, 14.

??I received my Eagle back in 1969 along with several palms. I've forgotten a lot in the years since, but many of the pledges I still remember. One of which went: On my honor I will do my best to do my duty to God and my country and to obey the Scout Law; To help other people at all times; To keep myself physically strong, mentally awake, and morally straight. Sounds to me that a lot of those that said this pledge did so without meaning it and therefore did not deserve the award in the first place.? Doing my duty to God and keeping myself morally straight then meant and still means the same thing; regardless of how some chose to try and change it to fit their current ideas and desires.?
--?Eris Gilliard, 59, Orlando, Fla., Eagle Scout

?As an Eagle Scout of 17 years, I am seriously considering sending my badge back as well. Boy Scouts have been hijacked by people who have an agenda. ?As a father, I have been struggling with what to do when my son reaches the age to become a Tiger Cub. Boy Scouts teaches some valuable life lessons and skills that no other organization out there can touch, but I can't willingly let my son be guided by the misinformed. Four parts of the Scout law are helpful, friendly, courteous and kind. Boy Scouts of America violates these four points by allowing intolerance within their ranks. It's hypocritical and sickening. Eagle Scouts are the "elite" product of what Boy Scouts of America can produce. It is our responsibility to represent the face of the organization and to lead by example. I applaud fellow Eagle Scouts that are taking a stand against Boy Scouts of America.?
--?Kevin Deal, 31, McKinney, Tex., Eagle Scout

?I'm also an Eagle scout, doggone proud of earning it, and doggone proud of the Boy Scouts of America for continuing their stance against gay membership in the Boy Scouts.?I've been involved in the Scouting program for over forty years, why do I continue to volunteer as an adult leader - because I believe in the values taught by Scouting! We need more groups and individuals in this country that aren't afraid to take a stand in favor of traditional, time honored values.?I, like thousands of others, was more than happy to participate in the "Chick-Fil-A" appreciation day yesterday to show my support for a business that has taken a stand in this matter, a stand that I believe is the right one.?Don't get the wrong idea, I'm not anti-gay or homophobic, etc., nor am I deeply religious ..... but I believe in traditional makeup of a family, meaning a mother and a father that are married and living under the same roof, raising their children to be responsible adults.?
--?Darrell L. Brock, 55, Daytona Beach, Fla., Eagle Scout

??I believe that the decision on Lesbians and Gays was wrong for many reasons.?I have read a lot of resignation letters from Scouts, most of which were very moving and elegant.?Many of them explained their decision using the Scout Law.?Mine is very simple.?A Scout is reverent -- We are all God?s creatures.?I earned the Rank of Life -- I could not pass the swimming merit badge hence no Eagle.?I have been active at the Unit, District, and Council level for many years and was recognized with the Order of the Arrow Vigil Honor.?I am also a member of the Girl Scouts having served on the local Council Board of Directors as well as assisting my wife with her troop.?My son earned Eagle and my daughter earned her Gold Award.?My wife was a Girl Scout Leader throughout my daughter?s journey.?We have been a Scouting family for many years. I recently resigned as a Boy Scout and from all my current positions.? I believe there are many others who are not Eagle who have also taken the same position.? I believe that Scouts and Scouters voting with their feet is the only message that will make a difference in policy change. It will happen someday; the sooner the better.?
-- Robert Walters, 64, Charlottesville, Va., Life rank

?I am an Eagle Scout from 1990 and am very proud of my time in the Scouts and what that time was able to do for me as a person. ? I am very much in support of gay-rights and continue to be disappointed at BSA's choice to ban gays. I really do wish they would change their policy, as many other groups have, solely in recognition of society having changed since the organizations' founding. Just because they as a private organization can make this choice doesn't mean they have to, and it doesn't do any good not to be open. BSA leadership must know this. To me the policy runs counter to everything I learned from Scouting and my interpretation of the ideals I spent so much time memorizing and living by. I also think that it will contribute to a downward trend of participation in Scouting because people won't want to be actively affiliated with an organization that discriminates. That makes me sad.?? I won't be turning in my medals. That is because I earned them with a clear conscience by working with leaders who weren't bigots and taught us what it meant to be free, e.g. not using our freedoms to restrict the rights of others. Eagle Scouts are a rare breed and many have gone on to great personal heights because of the experience. I think the BSA policy dishonors us all. Pressure to disassociate from the organization runs the risk of marginalizing the Eagle Scout honor and when that happens Scouting is finished. I hope the BSA comes to its senses soon!?
--?Jason Phelps, 39, Londonderry, N.H., Eagle Scout

?I am a currently registered scouter, and have been involved with scouting for the last fifteen years. The BSA is a private organization and has the right to establish their own policies. Those wishing to join a scouting program that includes homosexuals can easily do so by joining Adventure Scouts.?
--?Jim Brown, 49, Dallas, Tex., two sons and son-in-law are Eagle Scouts

?Until I joined the Boy Scouts, I had never excelled at anything in my life. But I loved scouting; I loved the camping trips, the outdoors, canoeing, the entire experience. And I did well in it. ? By the time I started high school, I had changed. I had served successfully in leadership roles, I had earned the highest rank in scouting, and not coincidentally, I became an excellent student with nearly straight A marks. I had self-confidence, and I am convinced it was primarily my experience in scouting that set me on a course of success and achievement that continued long past my scouting days. ? It was not until long after my scouting days were over that I learned gay people were not allowed to participate in scouting. I was very disappointed to learn this - I felt that BSA was clearly failing to live up to the high ideals of the organization that had been instrumental in shaping the person I had become. I felt a sense of shame that BSA was taking a stance that I regarded as discriminatory and immoral. I see no benefit at all, only harm that has resulted from this misguided policy. I believe the BSA has fallen greatly in stature and esteem is a direct result of how they have handled this issue. Most of all, I am saddened at the impact the policy has on gay youth, who have a hard enough time coping with a world that condemns them for just being what they are. These are exactly the kind of boys who would stand to gain the most from the positive, character-building experience that scouting could be for them. Instead, BSA's stance only serves to reinforce the notion that it's OK to discriminate against gay people, that gay people are somehow less worthy than the rest of us. I find such thinking appalling.?
-- Eric Last, 53, San Bruno, Calif., Eagle Scout

?I must say that I am appalled that anyone who has earned the rank of Eagle Scout not to mention any scout?would even think of?allowing gays to be a member of the Boy Scouts of America.?I am a firm believer that people can choose whatever lifestyle they?want but if they choose to be gay then they should be ready to take whatever consequences that?stem from that decision.? ? ?The bottom line is an organization that is founded on teaching young boys to be?responsible young men should not allow gays to be a part of that process.?The choice to be gay is theirs to make but then accept the consequences.? ?
--?Arthur F. Schultz, 52, Newberry, Mich., Boy Scout?

?Robert Baden-Powell, founder of the Boy Scouts, offered his Scouts these words in 1945, which would become his final message: ??Try to leave this world a little better than you found it.? Given the wisdom and compassion he evidenced, and his high regard for all living things, I imagine a call for respect, understanding, and the eradication of prejudice and bigotry were implicitly contained in his message."
-- ?Vance A. Taylor, 60, Madison, Conn., Boy Scout

If you are a current or former member of the Boy Scouts and would like to share your thoughts on the membership policy, you can email the reporter at miranda.leitsinger@msnbc.com?

RELATED:
Boy Scouts: We're keeping policy banning gays
Boy Scouts review controversial anti-gay policy
Eagle Scout son of lesbian moms: Boys Scouts must end gay discrimination
Gay mom upset after dismissal by Boy Scouts?

Source: http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/08/03/13104335-eagle-scouts-divided-over-protest-against-ban-on-gays?lite

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Parents found guilty of murdering daughter in UK

LONDON (AP) ? A British court has found a mother and father guilty of murdering their teen-age daughter in a so-called honor killing.

The Chester Crown Court found that Iftikhar and Farzana Ahmed, both originally from Pakistan, suffocated their 17-year-old daughter, Shafilea, in 2003.

During the trial in northern England, Shafilea's sister Alesha told the jury that her parents pushed Shafilea onto the couch and she heard her mother say "just finish it here" as they forced a plastic bag into the girl's mouth.

She said her parents thought that Shafilea was too westernized. She also said Alesha refused an arranged marriage.

Police investigated hundreds of cases of forced marriages last year.

The highest incidence of reported forced marriages is in Muslim communities. Britain is home to more than 1.8 million Muslims.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/parents-found-guilty-murdering-daughter-uk-132530493.html

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Mental side of sports: It's not just for Olympians

FILE - In this Thursday, July 14, 2011 file photo, United States' Megan Rapinoe bounces a ball with her head during a training session in preparation for the final match against Japan during the Women's Soccer World Cup in Frankfurt, Germany. Rapinoe, a midfielder on the American soccer team at the 2012 Olympics, prepares for competition with a pre-game ritual. "I put my headphones on the bus from when we leave the hotel over to the stadium, just kind of getting into the zone, just kind of relax and get into it." (AP Photo/Marcio Jose Sanchez)

FILE - In this Thursday, July 14, 2011 file photo, United States' Megan Rapinoe bounces a ball with her head during a training session in preparation for the final match against Japan during the Women's Soccer World Cup in Frankfurt, Germany. Rapinoe, a midfielder on the American soccer team at the 2012 Olympics, prepares for competition with a pre-game ritual. "I put my headphones on the bus from when we leave the hotel over to the stadium, just kind of getting into the zone, just kind of relax and get into it." (AP Photo/Marcio Jose Sanchez)

In this Thursday, July 16, 2012 photo, Sian Beilock, a University of Chicago psychologist, professor and author of the book "Choke," looks at a brain scan from a functional MRI machine in the lab at the university in Chicago. Beilock studies the science behind "choking under pressure" and says the problem starts when players start worrying about the consequences of failure, what's on the line and what others will think of them. So when the big moment arrives, the athlete tries to take control by thinking about just exactly how to toss that basketball, make that putt or swing that racquet.?"That's the worst thing you can do in the moment," Beilock said. "What messes you up is not the worries but the overattention to detail.'' (AP Photo/M. Spencer Green)

In this Thursday, July 16, 2012 photo, Sian Beilock, a psychologist and professor at the University of Chicago, poses with her book "Choke" on the putting green in her lab at the university in Chicago. Beilock studies the science behind "choking under pressure" and says the problem starts when players start worrying about the consequences of failure, what's on the line and what others will think of them. So when the big moment arrives, the athlete tries to take control by thinking about just exactly how to toss that basketball, make that putt or swing that racquet.?"That's the worst thing you can do in the moment," Beilock said. "What messes you up is not the worries but the overattention to detail.'' (AP Photo/M. Spencer Green)

In this Thursday, July 16, 2012 photo, Sian Beilock, a University of Chicago psychologist, professor and author of the book 'Choke', poses next to a functional MRI brain scanner at the university in Chicago. Beilock studies the science behind "choking under pressure" and says the problem starts when players start worrying about the consequences of failure, what's on the line and what others will think of them. So when the big moment arrives, the athlete tries to take control by thinking about just exactly how to toss that basketball, make that putt or swing that racquet.?"That's the worst thing you can do in the moment," Beilock said. "What messes you up is not the worries but the overattention to detail.'' (AP Photo/M. Spencer Green)

(AP) ? Now that you've been watching the world's top athletes compete in London, you may be inspired to go out and pursue your own sport at, um, less than an Olympic level. But even without their talent or practice regimens, you can take a lesson from what Olympians know: The mental game matters, too.

Experts say even weekend warriors can benefit from the kinds of mental strategies elite athletes follow, things like following a routine or adopting a mantra to guide you through crucial movements.

Megan Rapinoe has a routine at the Olympics. The midfielder on the American soccer team says she gets "into the zone" on the way to the stadium by putting on headphones and listening to Florence and the Machine, Kings of Leon and a little Katy Perry.

Make sense? Actually, most people don't have much of a clue about what goes into the mental side of sports, says Daniel Gould, a professor of applied sports psychology at Michigan State University.

They probably wouldn't think of singing to themselves as they step up to make a free throw. But if the game is on the line, it may not be a bad idea, says a researcher who studies one of the most unpleasant experiences in sports ? choking under pressure.

That's "when we have the ability to perform at a high level, and we just can't pull it out when it matters the most, whether it's in the Olympics or when you're playing with your buddies for a six-pack," says Sian Beilock, a University of Chicago psychologist. "When all eyes are on us, when there's something on the line, we often don't ... put our best foot forward."

That's certainly what appeared to happen at the Olympics this week when U.S. gymnast Danell Leyva spun out of control on the pommel horse. Then it was teammate John Orozco's turn, as his rear end suddenly dropped onto the horse in the middle of his routine.

Why do athletes choke? They start worrying about the consequences of failure, what's on the line, and what others will think of them.

That's the word from Beilock, who has studied the topic for a decade and written a book called "Choke."

When the big moment arrives, the athlete tries to take control by thinking about the mechanics of how to toss that basketball, make that putt, or swing that racquet.

"That's the worst thing you can do in the moment," Beilock says. "What messes you up is not the worries, but the overattention to detail."

Or as Yogi Berra once put it, "How can you hit and think at the same time?"

So how do you keep your skill on autopilot, so it works the best?

Take your mind off the details of your movement. Sing to yourself or count backward by threes as you step up to the crucial shot, advises Beilock, who used the song trick while playing lacrosse in college. Maybe you can just say "smooth" or "straight" to yourself as a mantra as you act.

Another trick is to get used to pressure situations by practicing under the gaze of an observer or a video camera. Still another is to write down your worries before a big event. It's "almost like downloading them" from your mind so "they're less likely to pop up and distract you in the moment," says Beilock. She reported in Science magazine last year that this strategy helped students score better on high-stakes exams, and she figures it would probably work for athletes too.

Gould, who has studied how athletes prepare psychologically for the Olympics, says research shows competitors do better when they follow routines before they perform, like a golfer before a putt or a pitcher before throwing.

Each athlete has to discover the routine that works consistently, he says.

Gould used to work with two Olympic skiers. Before each run, one would go off by herself to focus on the course while the other would joke around with her buddies and appear carefree until just before her turn came. "Both of them figured out that's what works for them," he says.

Several experts say a good mental game is particularly important for playing golf, which produced a spectacular failure this month at the British Open. Australian player Adam Scott bogeyed the final four holes to blow a four-shot lead.

The sport "can drive you crazy. You swing for two minutes and walk around for four hours thinking about the two minutes of swinging," Gould says.

Many golfers have problems dealing with a mistake, "and then that mistake compounds itself to another mistake and another mistake," says Damon Burton, a professor of sport and exercise psychology at the University of Idaho. "I think every golfer can typically benefit from being able to forget about a bad last shot, and focus their attention on the next shot."

How? Burton suggests a moratorium strategy for thinking about a shot you've just made. Celebrate a good one or feel bad if it was a dud, but only for a brief time. "It's all right to be disappointed, but as soon as that club goes back in the bag, that last shot is behind you," he says. After that, when you take your next club out of your bag, "that's a signal to focus totally on that next shot."

In general, he says, it's best for athletes to focus on what they can control in the game. So baseball players should focus on making good contact with the ball, and worry less about the result. If a solidly hit ball ends up as an out, the batter's response should be, "Hey, I did my job on that pitch," Burton says.

And keep your expectations realistic. If you're a casual golfer, don't think every shot will be a gem. "That just leads to nothing but frustration, and that's one of the big enemies of weekend athletes," Burton says. "They just get frustrated real easily and blame everything on their lack of practice.

"I would suggest the best goal for them is, 'I want to go out and play a game I love and have fun doing it.'"

But having fun may not always lead athletes to their "A'' game, says John Raglin of Indiana University who studies the psychology of sports and exercise. While athletes may do better when they enter a game relaxed and confident, studies show that some need high levels of anxiety to do their best.

"You've got to discover for yourself ... what level of anxiety or relaxation works for you," Raglin says.

So a weekend warrior may have to choose: Do I really want to enjoy myself today, or is this the day I want to set a record?

___

Sports writer Joseph White contributed to this story from Manchester, England.

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Malcolm Ritter can be followed at http://www.twitter.com/malcolmritter

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/b2f0ca3a594644ee9e50a8ec4ce2d6de/Article_2012-08-01-OLY-The-Mental-Games/id-39ba24801caf42e59a1b6c75493f3371

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Friday, August 3, 2012

Prelude to a Catastrophe: "The Volcano Could Be Nearing a Major Event"

The mountain boomed. Steam and ash soared to 13,000 feet, announcing the end to a two-week lull. At the top of Shoestring Glacier, an opening steamed. It was May 7th, 1980, and Mount St. Helens was letting everyone know she wasn?t ready to sleep yet.

Phreatic explosion of Mount St. Helens; from the southwest. Ash and steam. Skamania County, Washington. May 7, 1980. Image courtesy USGS.

The next day, a muddy rain splattered Timberline, where the USGS had been taking measurements of the mountain as that ominous bulge grew. As the first harmonic tremors since April 12 traced their unique pattern on seismometers, new avalanches cascaded up to 1000 feet (304m) down Wishbone Glacier. And all the while, the crater steamed.

Geologists abandoned Timberline on May 9th. The danger from avalanches had grown too great. They?d have to rely on other observation posts, such as Coldwater II; a new tiltmeter installed at Ape Cave would help provide data on the continued swelling as the suspected cryptodome continued pushing out the north flank by up to 5 feet (1.5m) per day.

Phreatic eruption of Mount St. Helens. View from Coldwater II observation station, 1757 hrs. Skamania County, Washington. May 11, 1980. Image courtesy USGS.

None of the renewed phreatic eruptions were particularly large: most of them after May 7th were small, spitting steam and ash and putting on a decent show for the locals and observing scientists on clear days, but not exactly spectacular. Still, they signaled that things were definitely hot within St. Helens. And their message was backed by the fumarole at Shoestring Glacier, which steamed ever harder.

Geologists had been worried for some time about the unstable north flank. On May 12, while small explosions continued and observers watched a cluster of fumaroles on the crater?s western rim steam vigorously, everyone got a taste of what might come. An earthquake registering a robust 5.0 shook the mountain, sending an avalanche 800 feet (243m) wide cascading from the lower end of the humped-up Forsyth and Leschi glaciers. The surveying target on Sugar Bowl perished. Seismologists from the University of Washington hiked their portable seismometer from Spirit Lake to the top of a nearby ridge, figuring the valley floor right below the bulge would eventually get hit by an avalanche.

Everyone knew it was just a matter of time. The whole area around Goat Rocks had swollen 348 feet (106m) northward. And the volcano continued to swell, crack and steam.

Aerial view of Mount St. Helens looking west. The crater has been much enlarged. As the bulge (at extreme right) has expanded, fracturing has become more extreme. Crater area has dropped relative to summit. Photo by R.M. Krimmel. Skamania County, Washington. May 17, 1980. Figure 22, U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 1250, 1981. Image courtesy USGS.

By May 13th, the fumarole at the head of Shoestring Glacier had enlarged considerably; new steam vents appeared the following day on the north crater rim. Older ash on the upper southern slopes was encrusted with yellow-green deposits, most likely sulfur. Measurements of sulfur dioxide gas showed a dramatic increase: from .3 tons per day on March 30th to 1 ton per day now (skyrocketing to 10-20 tons per day during explosions). All of those steam vents, all of that sulfur, warned that an extremely hot body of magma was rising, and might be nearing the surface. The volcano had been bulging: now, it began inflating. Something was coming.

View of Mount St. Helens summit crater from east. Shoestring Glacier fumarole on left. Skamania County, Washington. May 16, 1980. Image courtesy USGS.

Explosions ceased on May 15th, but the bulge continued its outward journey unabated, and steam hissed from its upper reaches. The summit radiated so much heat that the thermal energy equaled around 3 megawatts ? if it could have been captured and used, it would have powered about 1,800 homes. Geologists found pits that appeared bottomless in the hottest areas. Two clusters of thermal infrared anomalies marked areas of weakness in the bulge. In two days, the bulge would come apart at those seams.

Aerial view of Mount St. Helens the day before the catastrophic eruption, looking southwest. Features visible include road to Timberline viewpoint and parking area (A), Dogs Head (B), and the severely fractured, bulging, ash-covered Forsyth Glacier (C). An ice avalanche, darkened with volcanic debris, which originated from the bulging, oversteepened part of Forsyth Glacier, forms dark tracks below the bulge. Photo by R.M. Krimmel. Skamania County, Washington. May 17, 1980. Portion of Figure 29, U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 1250. Image courtesy USGS.

But things seemed calm by May 17th. The bulge slowed its growth. Even the earthquakes went down: there were only 6 larger than a 4.0, a lower rate than previous days. USGS geologist David Johnston sampled gasses at the fumarole up on the Boot, clinging to the fractured side of the mountain as a fellow geologist snapped his picture from the helicopter waiting to collect him.

n Moderate crop of original photograph, which was a view from a helicopter of David Johnston near crest of the bulge on the north side of Mount St. Helens, sampling gases from fumaroles. David is near the center of both this picture and the original picture. Skamania County, Washington. May 17, 1980. Image courtesy Wikimedia Commons.

He stashed those samples at Coldwater II, and prepared for a long night with the volcano. His assistant, geology student Harry Glicken, had been scheduled to monitor the mountain, but had an interview at the University of California-Santa Barbara. Don Swanson would be taking over his shifts, but not that night ? he had a student of his own to see safely onto a plane. So Dave agreed to take over until Sunday afternoon.

Harry snapped a last photo of his mentor before leaving.

The last photo taken of David Johnston, at Coldwater II observation station, Mount St. Helens, sitting in chair by trailer. 1900 hrs. Skamania County, Washington. May 17, 1980. Image courtesy USGS.

And the last quiet night passed.

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